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This page will look at the various known side effects associated with Ozempic. Ozempic is a prescription drug approved for the treatment of Type 2 diabetes. Recently, Ozempic has become widely used as a weight loss drug. Millions of people are taking to lose or manage their weight.
When used for weight loss, Ozempic is taken at higher doses. This has led to several Ozempic side effects, many of which are very serious.
Ozempic
Ozempic (semaglutide) is a prescription medication primarily used to manage type 2 diabetes by helping control blood sugar levels. It belongs to a class of drugs known as GLP-1 receptor agonists, which mimic a hormone that stimulates insulin production, slows digestion, and reduces appetite.
Ozempic lowers blood sugar levels by stimulating the body to release insulin, while also slowing down glucose production in the liver. Ozempic also slows down the gastrointestinal system, which suppresses appetite.
Ozempic was designed and approved for use in treating Type 2 diabetes. However, the drug proved to be very effective as a weight loss and weight management medication. As a result, Ozempic is much more widely used for weight loss than diabetes. Another, higher-dose version of Ozempic, called Wegovy, is explicitly approved for weight loss.
FDA Adverse Events Data Tell a Story
The FDA Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS) has documented over 20,000 adverse event reports associated with Ozempic, including 9,000 categorized as “serious” and 250 involving deaths. The presence of an adverse event report does not establish a direct cause-and-effect relationship between Ozempic and the reported health outcomes. But these numbers are still eye-popping.
The FDA collects these reports to monitor potential safety concerns, but the data relies on voluntary submissions from healthcare providers, patients, and pharmaceutical companies. This means that factors such as pre-existing conditions, other medications, or lifestyle factors could contribute to the reported outcomes. The FDA explicitly states that adverse event reports alone cannot be used to determine the frequency or likelihood of side effects occurring in the general population.
Independent researchers and regulatory agencies continue to study the long-term effects of Ozempic through controlled clinical trials and epidemiological studies. For now, the FDA has not issued a formal warning linking Ozempic directly to an increased risk of death. Patients are encouraged to discuss concerns with their healthcare providers and report any unexpected side effects through the FDA MedWatch Program..
Non-Serious Ozempic Side Effects
Like all medications, Ozempic (semaglutide) comes with potential side effects, some of which are classified as non-serious. While these side effects do not pose immediate life-threatening risks, they can still cause significant discomfort and impact a patient’s quality of life. Most of these symptoms are related to the gastrointestinal system, a common issue with medications that alter digestion and metabolism.
The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) requires all prescription medications list common side effects on their warning labels. The most frequently reported side effects of Ozempic fall under the category of gastrointestinal disturbances. These effects are usually mild to moderate and often subside as the body adjusts to the medication. However, in some cases, they can persist and lead to complications if not managed properly.
Abdominal Pain
Abdominal pain is reported by approximately 7% of Ozempic users. This discomfort can range from mild bloating to cramping and sharp pain. The pain is usually due to the medication’s effect on the digestive system, as it slows gastric emptying to promote feelings of fullness. However, in some cases, persistent or severe abdominal pain may be a sign of more serious conditions such as gallbladder issues or pancreatitis.
Nausea
Nausea is the most frequently reported side effect of Ozempic, affecting around 16% of users. This side effect occurs because the medication slows digestion, causing food to remain in the stomach longer. While nausea is typically mild, some patients experience persistent discomfort, especially when they first start taking the drug or increase their dosage. Nausea is more likely to occur when Ozempic is taken at higher doses or without food.
Diarrhea
Approximately 9% of Ozempic users experience diarrhea. This can occur as the digestive system adapts to the medication’s effects on slowing gastric emptying. In most cases, diarrhea is temporary and resolves within a few weeks, but persistent diarrhea can lead to dehydration and nutrient deficiencies if not managed properly. Staying hydrated and consuming a balanced diet with soluble fiber can help alleviate this symptom.
Vomiting
Vomiting is another potential side effect, affecting about 5% of users. This symptom often accompanies nausea and is most common when first starting Ozempic or increasing the dosage. Vomiting can lead to dehydration and electrolyte imbalances, so it is essential for patients to monitor their fluid intake and avoid foods that may trigger nausea. If vomiting is frequent or severe, medical attention may be necessary.
Constipation
Approximately 5% of Ozempic users experience constipation, which occurs due to the drug’s impact on slowing digestion. This can result in infrequent or difficult bowel movements, leading to discomfort and bloating. Increasing water intake, eating fiber-rich foods, and engaging in light physical activity can help alleviate constipation. In some cases, over-the-counter laxatives may be recommended.
Serious Ozempic Side Effects
New studies have identified several severe side effects of using Ozempic, particularly at higher doses for weight loss.
Gastroparesis
Gastroparesis is a condition in which the stomach muscles do not function properly. Usually, strong muscular contractions move food through the digestive system, but with gastroparesis, this movement is either slowed down or completely absent. As a result, the stomach struggles to empty food efficiently, leading to digestive issues.
Many studies have definitively shown that using Ozempic for prolonged periods at higher doses can cause gastroparesis. This is a severe condition. Not only is it very painful, but it can be potentially life-threatening. In October 2023, researchers published study findings in JAMA, revealing that individuals using GLP-1 agonists, such as Ozempic, for weight loss faced a higher risk of gastroparesis and bowel obstruction than those taking bupropion-naltrexone.
According to FDA Adverse Event data released on December 31, 2023, there were 149 reported cases of intestinal obstruction and 223 cases of impaired gastric emptying associated with these medications.
Cholecystitis
Cholecystitis, or gallbladder inflammation, typically occurs when the duct leading out of the gallbladder becomes blocked. This is a serious condition that requires immediate treatment to prevent life-threatening complications. The most common treatment is gallbladder removal. Research has shown that Ozempic users are at a significantly higher risk of developing cholecystitis.
NAION
Non-Arteritic Anterior Ischemic Optic Neuropathy (NAION) is a condition that causes sudden, painless vision loss due to reduced blood flow to the optic nerve. It typically affects one eye and occurs when the small blood vessels supplying the optic nerve become blocked or compromised, leading to nerve damage. NAION is the most recently discovered side effect of Ozempic. Evidence linking NAION to Ozempic first appeared in June 2024.
Pancreatitis
Pancreatitis is inflammation of the pancreas, an organ responsible for producing digestive enzymes and insulin. The condition can be acute (sudden and severe) or chronic (long-term and recurring). Clinical studies and real-world reports have linked Ozempic to cases of acute pancreatitis, though the risk remains relatively low. GLP-1 medications like Ozempic affect the pancreas by stimulating insulin release and slowing digestion.
How to Reduce Ozempic Side Effects
Managing Ozempic side effects effectively can make a significant difference in your overall experience with the medication. While many people tolerate Ozempic well, some may experience nausea, digestive discomfort, or dehydration, especially in the early stages of treatment. The good news is that most of these side effects can be minimized with simple adjustments to your routine. By gradually increasing your dosage, staying properly hydrated, and making mindful dietary choices, you can reduce the likelihood of experiencing discomfort. Below are some practical strategies to help ease your body’s transition to Ozempic and keep side effects under control.
Start at a Lower Dose
Most doctors recommend beginning Ozempic at 0.25 mg weekly for four weeks before gradually increasing the dose. This slow increase allows the body to adjust and reduces the severity of Ozempic side effects.
Increase Hydration
Drinking plenty of water throughout the day can help minimize dehydration-related side effects such as headaches, dizziness, and constipation. Herbal teas and electrolyte drinks may also help maintain hydration levels.
Eat Smaller, Balanced Meals
Consuming smaller meals with lean proteins and fiber can prevent nausea and bloating. Avoiding greasy, fried, or highly processed foods may also help reduce digestive discomfort.
Monitor Your Symptoms
Keeping a journal of Ozempic side effects can help track patterns and identify potential triggers. Adjusting the dosage or consulting a doctor may be necessary if symptoms persist or worsen.
When to Seek Medical Attention
Although these Ozempic side effects are considered mild, some symptoms may require medical attention. Contact a healthcare provider if you experience:
- Severe or persistent nausea, vomiting, or diarrhea lasting several days
- Symptoms of extreme dehydration, such as confusion, rapid heartbeat, or fainting
- Unintended weight loss of more than 5% of body weight within a short period
- Severe abdominal pain that does not resolve, which may indicate gallbladder or pancreatic issues
Potential Drug Interactions with Ozempic
Ozempic is commonly prescribed for the management of type 2 diabetes and weight loss, but it can interact with other medications, leading to potential health risks. Individuals taking Ozempic should be aware of how it may interact with other prescription drugs, over-the-counter medications, and even alcohol.
Diabetes Medications
Patients who use other diabetes medications, such as insulin or sulfonylureas, may experience a higher risk of hypoglycemia when combined with Ozempic. Since Ozempic helps lower blood sugar by stimulating insulin release, using it alongside these medications can lead to dangerously low blood sugar levels. Symptoms of hypoglycemia include dizziness, confusion, shakiness, and sweating.
Antibiotics
Certain antibiotics, particularly those that affect the gut microbiome or have a direct impact on metabolism, can alter the way the body processes Ozempic. Medications such as ciprofloxacin and clarithromycin may enhance the effects of Ozempic, potentially increasing the risk of gastrointestinal side effects such as nausea and diarrhea.
Blood Pressure Medications
Patients taking blood pressure medications, including beta-blockers and ACE inhibitors, should be cautious when using Ozempic. These medications may mask symptoms of low blood sugar, making it more difficult to recognize when glucose levels drop too low. Additionally, some blood pressure medications can contribute to dehydration, which can worsen Ozempic-related side effects like nausea and dizziness.
Gastrointestinal Medications
Since Ozempic slows gastric emptying, it can interact with medications that require a predictable absorption rate in the stomach. Medications used for acid reflux, such as proton pump inhibitors and H2 blockers, may have altered effectiveness when taken with Ozempic. Additionally, drugs used to treat constipation or irritable bowel syndrome may interact unpredictably.
Thyroid and Hormonal Medications
Patients taking thyroid hormone replacement therapy or hormonal medications such as birth control may experience changes in drug absorption due to Ozempic’s effects on digestion. Delayed gastric emptying can impact how effectively these medications are absorbed, potentially requiring dosage adjustments.
Warnings About Alcohol Use
Alcohol consumption can significantly impact blood sugar levels, and when combined with Ozempic, it may increase the risk of severe hypoglycemia. Alcohol can also exacerbate common Ozempic side effects, such as nausea, vomiting, and dehydration. Patients using Ozempic should consider moderating their alcohol intake and closely monitoring their blood sugar levels if they choose to drink.
Individuals taking Ozempic should consult with their healthcare provider before starting any new medication or making changes to their treatment plan. Understanding these interactions can help reduce the risk of adverse effects and ensure the safe and effective use of Ozempic.
Ozempic Lawsuits
The manufacturer of Ozempic, Novo Nordisk, negligently failed to warn about many of the more serious side effects associated with the drug, such as gastroparesis. This has led to a rapidly growing number of Ozempic product liability lawsuits being filed across the country. Those lawsuits have been consolidated into a new MDL (Multi-District Litigation).
Contact Us About Ozempic Lawsuits
If you have a potential Ozempic lawsuit, contact our attorneys today at 800-322-3010 or reach out online for a complimentary consultation.
